Money Matters: Financial Management for Congregations
Part of The Congregational Handbook
Introduction
As organizations largely staffed by volunteers who may not have a business or accounting background, congregations will want to establish systems, policies, and procedures to reinforce financial health and vitality.
It’s also vital to prevent the opportunity for mistakes or malfeasance by any volunteer or leader—no matter how loved and trusted they may be. It is unfair to put people in situations where their reputation is their only protection against accident or allegations of dishonesty. Instituting checks and balances protects both staff and volunteers by preventing the opportunity for misappropriation of funds.
See the UUA’s Becoming a Safer Congregation Guide for detailed guidance for financial safety:
Financial Safety
Practices to help your congregation avoid mistakes, theft, embezzlement, and fraud, including scam email and text messaging.
Of course, no system will completely protect a congregation from possible financial loss.
In This Section
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Congregational Financial HealthFrom LeaderLab
Money – acquiring it, managing it, protecting it, and using it in service of your mission: all of these are vital to the work of your congregation. Having a healthy culture around money – talking about it, understanding its meaning and influence in our lives, seeing it as a tool rather than an…
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Talking About Money as People of Faith
Jan Christian, Kay Crider
From LeaderLabThe power of money in our own lives often goes unexamined. This plays out in our congregations in all sorts of ways. What would it mean to your congregation to be able to talk about money in ways that are life-giving and healing?
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Operating BudgetFrom LeaderLab
Your operating budget helps your congregation live its mission in the world. How you allocate your resources reflects your values and goals….
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Creating a Purpose-Based Budget
Renee Ruchotzke
From LeaderLabWe often claim that budgets are moral documents, and that congregational budgets should reflect our values. But line item budgets that include “office supplies, utilities, salary” and other such descriptions don’t show how these line items serve the mission of the congregation. How might…
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What’s the Best Fiscal Year for a UU Congregation
Barry Finklestein
From LeaderLabWhat are the pros and cons of using a calendar year vs. a July 1 — June 30 fiscal year?
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Financial ReportsFrom LeaderLab
Financial reports help the finance committee and the board assess the financial health of the congregation so they can make adjustments or decisions as needed.
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Help Keep Your Board Out of the Weeds with "Dashboard" Financial Reports
Renee Ruchotzke
From LeaderLabBoards have the fiduciary responsibility to make sure the overall finances of the congregation are in order and the budget is on track. But the line-item spreadsheets given to board often have too much detail and don’t give related information that helps the board make sense of the information.
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Gifts and Gratitude: Reporting Contributions and Record KeepingFrom LeaderLab
When it comes to tracking financial gifts from members in the form of pledge payments and other donations, it’s important to remember that the gifts of money are a form of relationship, not just another financial transaction.
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Electronic GivingFrom LeaderLab
If dropping a check or cash into the basket is the only way your congregation invites financial gifts, many in your pews can’t participate in the offering even if they feel called to do so.
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Property and Casualty (P&C) Insurance Coverage
UUA Benefit Plans & Services
From LeaderLabAnnouncement: UUA Property Casualty Replacement Program 2026–2027
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Restricted AccountsFrom LeaderLab
A portion of the money in the church’s checking accounts may represent money that is held for specific restricted purposes, including various religious education accounts, social action accounts, the minister’s discretionary fund, etc. They may also represent “pass through” funds such as…
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Cash ReservesFrom LeaderLab
A congregations’ income ebbs and flows, so it is a good idea to have some cash reserves that can help keep the bills paid in the summer when attendance and pledge payments fall off.
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Endowment FundsFrom LeaderLab
Endowments need special handling to ensure transparency, accountability and impact.
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Minister’s Discretionary FundFrom LeaderLab
A Minister’s Discretionary Fund is an account that the minister or pastoral care team can use to provide confidential assistance to those facing emergency financial need.
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Rental Income
UUA Benefit Plans & Services
From LeaderLabThere are nuanced tax rules regarding income derived from renting your building and/or parking lot, depending on its relation to your core purpose.
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Expense Reimbursements
UUA Benefit Plans & Services
From LeaderLabEmployees and volunteers should be reimbursed for approved church related expenses upon submission of receipts and accurate expense reports that conform to the annual budget and IRS requirements. Such expenses may include: Travel – transportation, lodging, meals, incidentals and other associated…
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Payroll
UUA Benefit Plans & Services
From LeaderLabOnce the salary and benefits are set by the appropriate church leadership based on recommended practices, it’s important to make sure the payroll is handled accurately and confidentially. Because of the complicated nature of payroll, and especially when it comes to ministers’ salary, housing and…
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Completing W-2 Forms
Jan Gartner
From LeaderLabCan you provide guidance and resources for completing W-2 forms for both ministers and other congregational staff? Deadline by January 31 after the tax year (February 1 in 2021), W-2 forms must be given to employees and sent to the Social Security Administration.
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The Unique Finances of Your Minister
Jan Gartner
From LeaderLabMost church leaders don’t need to be experts on ministerial compensation, but it’s important to understand the basics of how payroll and taxes for the minister differ from other employees.
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Professional Expense Allowances
Jan Gartner
From LeaderLabUS tax law provides that staff may consider certain items as usual business expenses that are reimbursed beyond the compensation paid to individuals as a necessary expense that is not reported for income tax purposes.
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Staff Credit Cards
UUA Benefit Plans & Services
From LeaderLabMany congregations supply a credit card to more easily segregate work-related expenses. Staff members would only use the card for professional or church expenses.
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Tax Exempt Status
UUA Benefit Plans & Services
From LeaderLabEvery Unitarian Universalist Association (UUA) congregation is a “church” under U.S. tax law, therefore tax exempt, charitable, and exempt from tax filing. There is no “group exemption” from the UUA, but the UUA will provide a letter saying a congregation is in good standing. This addresses…
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Money Matters ResourcesFrom LeaderLab
Consulting Congregational Finance LLC for free and paid subscriptions to access excellent resources, including the webinar she led last winter for the New England Region UUA: Financial Management for Your Congregation led by Rev. Karen McArthur…
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